|
Three-time
Grammy nominated Plena Libre,
a 12 member orchestra from Puerto Rico has been praised
for liberating the plena and saluting the masters with
their 10th anniversary recording ¡Estamos
Gozando!
The
group is currently putting the finishing touches on
their new cd Evolucion
due to be released on the Times Square Records label in
the early Fall.
Plena
is a traditional Afro-Rican rhythm and musical genre,
and Plena Libre means free-form, or liberated, plena.
It is thought that the plena emerged in Puerto
Rico at the end of the 19th century, with immigrants
from Barbados whose song repertoire mixed, over time,
with local genres to create the plena. Traditionally, plena
was performed using three different-sized hand drums
called panderos that were pitched low-to-high and
played interlocking rhythms. The seguidor is the
bass drum, laying the rhythmic foundation; the
mid-pitched punteador plays a complementary
pattern to the seguidor. The higher pitched requinto
alternates between playing yet another complementary
pattern and improvising solos that respond to the sung
lyrics. The güiro (scraper) and the vocalists
— with leader and chorus in call-and-response style
— complete the basic ensemble. Over time, the plena
took on different forms — from the simple addition of
the accordion or cuatro to full orchestral
variations. Musical forms aside, the plena became
central to the lives and culture of migrant agricultural
workers who moved from one location to another with the
harvest of different crops. It was their orally
transmitted newspaper, informing people of the latest,
and it accompanied every celebration.
Plena
Libre
was formed in 1994 by bassist and bandleader Gary Nuñez,
whose mission was to reinvent and update the genre,
taking it from its present folkloric status — which
relegated its performance to holidays and folk revivals
— and turning it into a living and breathing, popular,
evolving form. To the pandero ensemble he added a lineup
that includes bass, keyboards, timbales, congas, four
trombones, miscellaneous percussion as well as some of
the best plena singers (soneros) found in Puerto Rico.
With a style that draws on both the traditional and the
modern, and arrangements that mix other Caribbean
rhythms and sizzling dance-floor charts with plena,
Plena Libre topped the charts with one hit after
another on commercial radio stations in Puerto Rico.
¡Estamos
Gozando!,
Plena
Libre’s
new release, brings us full circle to the story of plena
— it is an homage to the greatest Puerto Rican plena
and bomba (another Afro-Rican genre) composers of
the century, delivered in Plena Libre style.
Represented here are Ángel Torruellas, one of the most
prolific and consistent plena composers of the past 50
years (Olvidalo); Los Pleneros de Quinto Olivo — an
important plena band of the 70’s (The folkloric song
Canario Blanco was first popularized by them); César
Concepción -- trumpet player, bandleader and composer
who adapted the plena to big band
"salon" arrangements in the 60’s (Que Buena
Son Las Mujeres); Rafael Cortijo — master
percussionist whose legendary combo, fronted by singer
Ismael Rivera, popularized many Afro-Rican genres in the
60’s and 70’s (medley of Perfume de Rosas,
Maquinolandera & El Bombón de Elena); Mon Rivera,
composer and creator of a fast, humorous style of
delivery in bomba and plena and the first
to introduce the sound of four trombones to orchestras
playing Afro-Rican music (Lluvia Con Nieve); Rafael
Cepeda, a great composer known as the ‘Patriarch of
Bomba and Plena’ (Juan José); Toñin Romero —a plena
composer who wrote many hits in the 50’s and 60’s
(Charlatan); and Manuel Jimenez "Canario", the
first plenero to be commercially recorded (RCA) and one
of the greatest plena innovators of the 20’s and
30’s — his tunes are often recorded to this day (Lo
Que A Ti Te Gusta, featuring the sinfonia — small
accordion — in typical fashion to Canario’s time).
Plena
Libre’s
core lineup includes seven musicians: Founder,
composer, arranger and bassist Gary Nuñez, whose entire
career has been devoted to preserving and developing
Puerto Rican music with ensembles such as Moliendo
Vidrio, Caribe Jazz and currently, Plena Libre;
Israel Velez is the son of one of Pleneros de Quinto
Olivo’s original members. He was raised in the
plena and is one of the top requinto players in
Puerto Rico today; Victor Muñiz is a master plena
singer, looked up to by the new generation of singers
for style, creativity, and approach to singing
traditional plena; conga player Gina
Villanueva has been playing plena since the
beginning of her career and is also one of the few
female conga players in Puerto Rico; Brothers Keyvan
Vega (singer and trumpet player) and Kevin Vega
(percussion) and also singer Kali Villanueva represent
the new generation in Plena Libre. In addition to
Plena Libre’s tremendous lineup of musicians
and singers, ¡Estamos Gozando! features some of
the best soloists in Latin music, adding new colors and
excitement to the recording. Cuban virtuoso violinist
Alfredo De La Fé jams over the trombones in Toruellas’
Olvidalo; bongocero Roberto Roena, pianist Luis Marín
and trumpeter Charlie Sepulveda jazz up Mon Rivera’s
Lluvia Con Nieve; and William Cepeda, trombone player
and heir to Cepeda dynasty, solos over Rafael (his
grandfather) Cepeda’s Juan José. |